I had the same issue with fuel last year, while driving to DisneyLand Paris in June. I’ve got a T6 2.0 TDI DSG. Died on the motorway outside Paris and cost a fortune to get it home. I had new injectors fitted prior to this in the January.
When my mechanic was doing diagnostics after getting it back, we founds exactly the same water/fuel problem in the fuel filter. It ended up needing new injectors, HPFP, fuel filter etc.
When the injectors were being removed, the third one was stuck solid, with a kind of rust/corrosion around it. I think the copper washer was also distorted (perhaps bad installation?)
I was losing coolant prior to it packing up, and since the second lot of injectors it’s still losing coolant.
Could Coolant have got into the fuel system from a poorly seated injector? Or is this not possible?