Everything in the vehicle will be 12V, that is the standard voltage for all vehicles (excluding trucks/lorries)
13 on the display is probably the charging voltage, its normally a bit higher than 12V that is just whats offered to the battery so totally normal
The 10 Amp rating on the socket is just letting you know what that particular socket is rated at, there are heavy duty ones that go a bit above this up to 12 or 15 amps i think its just an indicator of what the maximum current is that can be drawn from that socket.
You can run anything you like from that socket as long as you dont exceed 10 amps @ 12 volt.
This is normally fine for phone/tablet chargers with or without usb adaptors but not all laptops etc can use this kind of socket as some need more power than this, i am unfamiliar with mac stuff but if they make a 12V charger for them then hopefully you will be fine, if you are not sure about anything post a link to what you are looking and we can check it out in a bit more detail