So, there are a couple of common misconceptions about coilover suspension and I'll try and address them here. For background I'm a mechanical engineer, theoretical and practical, and I've worked with springs in various applications over the years. I also happen to know a thing or two about transporter suspension.
1. The adjustment of a coilover up or down does virtually nothing to the spring rate.
2. It's all about the shock absorber, not the spring.
I'll explain further...
Let's assume that the load on the spring due to the weight of the van remains constant (for example when adjusting your coilover you haven't also at the same time decided to put half a tonne of hard core in the back of the van). If your coil over is set at the highest setting and you adjust it to the lowest setting it does nothing to change the compression of the spring. A spring cannot and will not change its length unless a change in the load is applied to the spring. Adjusting your coilover does not change the length of the spring, it effectively changes the length of the shock absorber. On the front, if you wind the adjuster up, it pushes the van up (assuming you adjust both sides the same), it doesn't lengthen or shorten the spring. If you wind the adjuster down, the van ride height drops, but again, it doesn't make the spring shorter or longer. If winding the adjusters changed the length of the spring then the van ride height would never change! You aren't increasing or decreasing the weight of the van by adjusting a coilover so the load on the spring remains pretty constant.
A coilover with the adjuster wound to the highest setting effectively makes the shock absorber longer than when adjusted to its lowest setting and it's this that makes the difference to ride comfort.
When adjusted to the highest setting a coilover shock is at it's longest. This gives the piston the longest travel within the shock body, allowing the valves and other internal parts to operate at their optimum, this gives you a more comfortable ride. When you adjust to their lowest setting the piston has less distance to travel in the shock, effectively meaning everything in the shock is working harder to fight the forces of physics and this is what gives you a harsher ride.
Any coil over when set to its lowest setting will be less comfortable than the same one set to highest setting for exactly these reasons, but it is nothing to do with the spring, it's all about the effective length of the shock and how the piston and valves have to work harder as you go lower.